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This postage stamp design is intended to stimulate public awareness of the importance of education to all Canadians. The more Canadians become interested in the quest for higher education, the greater will be the strength of the nation. "The Kingdoms of the future are of the mind." These words were spoken by Winston Churchill at a University Convocation.

The stamp depicts as the main element, a young adult couple gazing into the future. On either side of these figures, in the background, are symbolic designs representing the various fields of education. These synbols are:

Greek Temple	- respect for the achievement of past history,
Gavel and Coat-of-Arms	- Law and Government,
Gear Wheels	- Engineering and Industry,
E=MC2	- a symbol to express Einstein's Theory of Relativity and the resulting atomic age,
Typewriter	- Business Management,
Set Square	- Architecture and other forms of structural planning,
Violin	- Music
Sun with Plant, Earth and Water	- the study of life and matter,
Moon and Star	- the study of outer space and the universe,
The Globe	- international forces, political, social and geographic,
Carpenter's Plumb and Pliers	- the skilled trades,
Book with Alpha and Omega	- literature and the written language,
Flask	- Chemistry and allied sciences,
Plus, Minus, Multiplication and Division signs	- Mathematics, Economics and Banking,
Microscope	- Scientific Research,
Man	- the physical, mental and spiritual study of man,
Sculptor's Tool, Pencil and Brush	- the visual arts and designing,
Cross	- the Church as a vocation,
Officer's Cap	- a career in the Armed Services.

All the Provincial Ministers of Education concurred in the issue of a special postage stamp featuring "Education". In addition, many national and provincial organizations devoted to the promotion of education added their support. These organizations include museums, libraries, vocational training groups, universities and colleges.

The early issue of this stamp supports the many organizations which have designated 1962 to be "Education Year". Among the several events of the year will be the Second Canadian Conference on Education, with seventy-six sponsoring organizations, to be held in Montreal in March and the First Canada-wide Science Fair, to be held in Ottawa in May.

There is a great need for better educational opportunities for all Canadians of all ages. Canada must attain higher standards of education because of its present position as a relatively young country striving to hold its place among the leading nations of the world. Great strides have been made in the past few years towards this goal. Large sums of money have been granted by the Federal Government to Universities and for vocational and technological training purposes.

RED RIVER SETTLEMENT

DATE OF ISSUE - 3rd May, 1962 DESIGNED BY - Phillips-Gutkin & Associates Ltd., Winnipeg, Man. COLOUR - BROWN AND GREEN SIZE - 1 1/2" x 1" (approximately) PLATE Nos. - 1 PANES OF - 50 STAMPS QUANTITY OF STAMPS ORDERED - 30,000,000 Issued by Authority of the HON. WILLIAM HAMILTON, M.P. Postmaster General

The history of the development of Canada's Western Provinces is marked by many significant events, each one playing a vital part in the development of the West. Probably the most outstanding of these events, was the establishment of the Red River Settlement near the present site of Winnipeg in 1812. This project had been in the plans of Thomas George, the Fifth Earl of Selkirk from his early youth when he first realized the importance of the high plains in the economic growth of the new nation.

At the beginning of the 19th Century, an economic revolution was in progress in the Scottish Highlands and was causing widespread distress. To relieve this situation, Lord Selkirk proposed immigration of evicted crofters to British North America and the establishment of a colony in the Red River area.

The first party of settlers, under the guidance of Miles Macdonell, set out by way of Hudson's Bay in 1811, staying for the winter at the mouth of the Nelson River. In 1812, the party reached the Red River and settled near the mouth of the Assiniboine River. They were soon joined by another party which set out in 1812. Other parties reached the settlement in 1814 and 1815.

From the first, the colony had aroused the suspicion of the North West Company which feared that it would prove a threat to the supply of pemmican for the company's lines of communications and its posts in the far west fur-bearing regions. This threat seemed to be realized when, in 1814, Macdonell prohibited the export of pemmican from the Assiniboine region. Though this difficulty was adjusted, the company decided to destroy the colony by instigating desertion among the settlers and offering free transportation to Canada. The remainder of the settlers were finally driven from the area in the Seven Oaks Massacre of 1816, which claimed the lives of Governor Robert Semple and 19 of his officers.

In 1817, Lord Selkirk led a force of veterans recruited from former regiments from Montreal and re-established the Red River Colony. The colony continued to progress without further trouble from the North West Company and virtually all danger from this source was eliminated with the merger of the two companies in 1821. The new settlers had other difficulties to overcome to make the land propituous to agriculture: poor seed, inadequate tools, a strange climate, grasshoppers and other pests and the lack of a market for grain and cattle. They did, however, manage to extract from this land the first "bumper" crop of wheat. The yield was some 1500 bushels. This was the beginning of economic stability and growth for the area now known as the Prairie Provinces.

The new stamp is designed to recognize the tremendous task accomplished by Canada's western pioneers and it honours the descendents of these pioneers who have made the Canadian West a modern productive segment of the nation's burgeoning economy. The stamp is intended to bring into the foreground the importance of the founding of the Red River Settlement and draw attention to the vast changes and advances made in Canada's Prairie Provinces, changes and advances which have caused this region to become known as the Granary of the World.

JEAN TALON

DATE OF ISSUE - 13th June, 1962 DESIGNED BY - Philip Weiss - Ottawa COLOUR - BLUE SIZE - 1 3/16" x 1" (approximately) PLATE Nos. - 1 PANES OF - 100 STAMPS QUANTITY OF STAMPS ORDERED - 32,000,000 Issued by Authority of the HON. WILLIAM HAMILTON, M.P. Postmaster General

Many men contributed to the early development and advancement of Canada. Soldiers, explorers, and missionaries, each played a vital role and each played a part in building the nation that is Canada today. Less spectacular, but nonetheless just as important, were the achievement of the administrators and, among these men, the greatest was probably Jean Talon.

Talon was born in 1625 at Châlons sur Marne, France. He joined the civil service and in 1655 became intendant of the province of Hainaut. He managed his new duties with such energy and vigour that Louis XIV, on the recommendation of Colbert, then Minister of Finance, named Talon to the intendancy of New France.

His appointment was effective March 23, 1665, and on May 24 of the same year, he embarked for New France on the Saint-Sébastien, with the Governor of Courcelles and eight companies of the Regiment de Carignan.

In three years, Talon did more for the development of the new country than had been done since the arrival of the first colonists. He conducted the first census in Canada and when figures indicated a need for a larger population, he asked for more people to be sent from France. This resulted in the immigration of some 1,000 women who were to become the wives of the men already in the colony. These girls were carefully selected and suitable marriages were made. To help these new families, Talon presented them with animals and new plants.

These gifts by the Intendant form the subject of the new stamp. An excerpt from the writings of a young officer of Talon's time reads:"...the governor-general bestowed upon the married couple a bull, a cow, a hog, a sow, a cock, a hen, two barrels of salt meat and eleven crowns" and each is represented in the design of the stamp.

Talon accomplished a great deal in establishing a sound economy. In order to increase the resources of the country, he imported horses and sheep from France and divided these among farmers. He encouraged animal husbandry and established small industries and a ship building yard on the St-Charles River. He literally re-created the colony on a sound economic basis before returning to France in 1668.

It was during Talon's tenure that the new country went through an extraordinary expansion. In the north, Father Albanel claimed James Bay; in the west, Saint-Lusson gathered at Sault-Ste-Marie the representatives of fourteen Indian nations bringing them under the jurisdiction of France. Then Jolliet and Father Marquette discovered the Mississippi in the south, followed shortly by the famous discoveries by La Salle.

During his administration, Talon transformed the struggling colony, perched precariously on the rock of Quebec, into an economically sound community. He sowed the seeds of permanence, of development, of identification with the land, that were to guide New France and eventually all of Canada to nationhood.

Note from MA

CENTENARY OF VICTORIA, B.C.

DATE OF ISSUE - 22nd August, 1962 DESIGNED BY - Helen Bacon - Toronto COLOUR - BLACK AND ROSE SIZE - 1 1/2" x 1" (approximately) PLATE Nos. - 1 PANES OF - 50 STAMPS QUANTITY OF STAMPS ORDERED - 25,000,000 Issued by Authority of the Postmaster General

From its first settlement as an outpost of the Hudson's Bay Company, strategically located on the south eastern tip of "Vancouver Island", Victoria has grown into a thriving center of charm and distinction that is probably unique in North America. This year marks Victoria's Centenary as an incorporated city.

It was James Douglas, a chief factor of the Hudson's Bay Company, who selected the location for Fort Victoria which was named in honour of the girl queen who ascended the Throne of England in 1837. The isolated post had to be self supporting and the arable land surrounding the new port provided excellent crops. It was ideally located in a favourable trading district, accessible to the North Pacific mainland.

The life of the outpost centered about the operation of the Hudson's Bay post until 1849 when Vancouver's Island was made a crown colony and declared open for colonization.

Sparked by the Fraser River Gold Rush of 1858, the trading post exploded almost overnight into a lively frontier town. Since it was the only seaport in British Columbia, it became the outfitting center for miners and adventurers seeking the wealth of the goldfields. No sooner had the excitement of the first gold rush subsided than the Cariboo Rush broke, followed by the Klondike gold stampede of 1898. With such impetus, its growth was rapid and the community was incorporated as the City of Victoria in 1862, 100 years ago.

Today, Victoria is justly proud of the largest drydock in Canada, the largest astrophysical telescope in the nation, the largest per capita tourist trade in Canada and the mildest winter climate of any Canadian city.

Each year, thousands of tourists throng its streets and find in the restful, unhurried atmosphere the ideal spot for relaxation. Of great interest in Victoria is the solid background of British customs and institutions which have survived more vigourously than in any other Canadian city. Victoria has kept as its basic charm the beauty and dignity of ivied walls, picturesque gardens and imposing Tudor or colonial homes.

The new stamp is designed to commemorate the development of the city from its lusty frontier days to its modern role as provincial capital. The new issue follows precedents set in 1908 and in 1949 when stamps honouring the 300th Anniversary of Quebec and the 200th Anniversary of Halifax were produced.

Note from MA

HER MAJESTY, QUEEN ELIZABETH II

DATE OF ISSUE - 3rd October, 1962 DESIGNED BY - Ernst Roch - Montreal COLOUR - BLUE SIZE - 7/8" x 1" (approximately) PLATE Nos. - 1 AND 2 PANES OF - 100 STAMPS Issued by Authority of the Postmaster General

FIVE-CENT REGULAR ISSUE - 1962

The new edition of Canada's regular issue postage stamps, the first since 1954, presents a portrait of Her Majesty in a simple, almost classic style. The stamp is based on a drawing of Her Majesty by Ernst Roch of Montreal, completed during two private sittings at Buckingham Palace arranged specifically for this new stamp issue.

Traditionally, regular issue stamps such as the series in use since 1954 bear the portrait of the Monarch. The new series continues this tradition but with the addition of various Canadian symbols appearing in the upper left corner of each stamp. The new stamp is also a departure from recent regular issue designs in that it is a horizontal type format, rather than the more common vertical style.

The designer of the stamp, Mr. Roch, studied art in Gratz, Austria, and is a member of the Typographical Designers of Canada and of the American Institute of Graphic Art. He has exhibited in Europe, the United States and Canada, and since coming to Canada in 1953, has won 13 awards from the Toronto and Montreal Art Directors Clubs and has received many other honours.

The first new stamp, the five cent denomination, portrays a head of wheat as a tribute to Canada's agriculture. The importance of agriculture in the Canadian economy is evidented (sic) by the fact that close to 300,000 square miles, or some 11 percent of the land mass of the provinces is used for agricultural purposes. Although this area has not increased substantially in recent years agricultural production has increased greatly. This is accomplished by the use of modern methods and equipment.

Another major factor in the increasing production rate is the activity of the federal and provincial departments of Agriculture. Over the years, these organizations have assisted Canadian farmers by ensuring price stability, credit provisions, crop insurance, and resource development. They have also provided information and guidance to farmers and made major contributions to the effective marketing of Canadian farm production.

The one, two, three and four cent denominations of the new issue will appear at intervals during 1963.

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